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腰痛、腰酸，是一般人常见的日常小毛病，多数只是身体疲劳的短期症状，但也有少数可能是严重疾病。尤其如果腰痛是这样在痛，可能要当心是否为肾脏癌。

其实腰痛不等于就是肾脏疾病，但许多肾脏疾病往往以腰痛为最显著的临床表现。以下几种主要肾脏疾病的“腰痛表现”，可以自己先简单判断再决定就医与否。

{1}肾脏或尿路结石：多为急性或间歇性绞痛，会由腰侧开始，往侧下腹及腹股沟传递。另有频尿、解尿疼痛、灼热感等尿道症状。

{2}泌尿道感染：泌尿道感染多因细菌滋生，会出现小便疼痛、膀胱肿胀、频尿、尿不干净的症状，严重甚至会出现血尿、腰痛、发烧等情形，以女性病人居多。这种痛让有些病人只能以“痛在腰内”形容，对医生而言则是个模糊的概念。

{3}急性肾盂肾炎：腰痛常会痛到上腹，以单侧痛居多，并合并有忽冷忽热、频尿、夜尿、灼痛、恶心、呕吐等症状。

{4}肾肿瘤：因肾脏肿瘤而引起的疼痛多位于肾区，由于肿瘤是慢慢长大，所以疼痛的性质多为顿痛，有时痛，有时酸。

{5}肾脏癌：肾脏癌初期几乎毫无症状，当出现无痛性血尿、腰痛及腹部肿块，许多已是晚期，以肾细胞癌最常见。肾脏癌的腰痛是感觉从体内一路向外痛，且持续时间会比较长，即使休息也无法缓解，吃止痛药也无效。