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鱼油和鱼肝油是常见的保健品，名字相似，很容易弄混，但两者的功效大有不同。

鱼肝油：鱼肝油是直接从鲨鱼、鳕鱼等海鱼肝脏中提炼出来的脂肪，其性状为黄色至橙红色的澄清液体，有特异的鱼腥臭。市面上的产品有保健品，也有OTC药品，主要成分是脂溶性维生素A和维生素D。

哪些食物有类似鱼肝油功效？

维生素A的摄入可以通过猪肝、蛋黄、胡萝卜、红薯、牛奶、菠菜、柿子、橘子等食物来获得。维生素D可以通过吃一些脂肪含量较高的海鱼、动物肝脏、蛋黄和奶油来摄取，此外，适当的晒晒阳光也可以促进体内合成维生素D。

鱼油：鱼油是深海鱼体内全部油脂类物质的总称，其主要成分是ω-3不饱和脂肪酸，包括二十二碳六烯酸（简称DHA）和二十碳五烯酸（简称EPA），有调节血脂、预防心脑血管疾病，促进幼儿大脑和视网膜神经发育等功效。

目前认为鱼油可以降低血甘油三酯的水平，因市面上的深海鱼油制剂大多为保健品而非药品，其成分和质量无临床试验验证，故有心血管风险的人群切不可将鱼油替代降脂药服用。

而对于鱼油，可以通过适当的地多吃些鱼来替代，如鲈鱼、鲑鱼、鲱鱼、沙丁鱼、三文鱼、长鳍金枪鱼等都含有较多的ω-3不饱和脂肪酸。