星期四 2025年 10月 09日
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【新冠肺炎】无症状感染者密接感染率 与确诊者无差异

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研究发现,无症状感染者的密切接触者感染率与确诊者的密切接触者感染率,基本没有差异。

由宁波市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制所陈奕等人发表的最新论文认为,新冠肺炎无症状感染者的密切接触者感染率与确诊者的密切接触者感染率,基本没有差异。

该篇刊发在《中华流行病学杂志》2020年第41卷的论文研究结果显示,确诊病例的密切接触者感染率为6.3%,无症状感染者的密切接触者感染率为4.11%。研究者认为,感染率差异无统计学意义。

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纳入研究的本土确诊病例共157例,无症状感染者共30例。157例本土确诊病例和30例无症状感染者共判定密切接触者共2147名,病例的密切接触者人数最少零例,最多111例,平均11.5例。在2147名密切接触者中,共有110名发展为确诊病例、22例无症状感染者,密切接触者总的感染率为6.15%。

研究发现,各类密切接触人群的感染率中,按照密切接触者与病例的关系进行统计,密切接触者中,以朋友/香客感染率最高(22.31%),其次是家庭成员(18.01%)。医务人员密切接触者未发生感染。除去“超级传播者”事件相关发病数据后,朋友的感染率降至为15.69%,低于家人的感染率(17.54%),感染率居第二位。

研究者对各类密接人群不同接触方式进一步分层分析发现,家人主要通过共同居住(18.07%)和聚餐感染(11.75%);亲戚(4.73%)主要通过聚餐感染;朋友(包括邻居)之间的接触感染方式主要是户外对话(20.00%)、聚餐/会客/娱乐(12.50%)和乘坐同一交通工具(4.55%)感染;一般人群的接触感染方式主要是与病例同处一个诊疗大厅(1.94%)、同一个超市、市场购物等(0.56%)感染。

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